Treatment options for skin melanoma
Keywords:
melanoma, treatments, BRAF, immunotherapy, target therapy.Abstract
Introduction: Melanoma is an infrequent malignant neoplasm, but its mortality is high. The immune system plays a fundamental role in the genesis of this tumor. Broadening knowledge in the fields of Oncology and Molecular Biology has led to the development of new drugs aimed at therapeutic targets and immunotherapy. These drugs have exceeded the results obtained by less efficient therapeutic options.
Objectives: Describe the main treatment options and therapeutic approaches used for skin melanoma.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted in the main medical literature databases: Scielo, PUBMED, Medline, Update Cancer and JCO, from 1 February to 31 May 2019. A total 48 sources were selected, which included those providing the most updated information about therapeutic approaches to skin melanoma.
Data analysis: The treatment of melanoma at its initial stages is surgical, a therapeutic option that continues to be standard practice for patients with localized melanoma.The survival rate reported for this group is up to 90% at five years. Support treatment is an option for patients in a bad state. Immunotherapy often obtains a lasting response.
Conclusions: Broadening knowledge in the fields of Molecular Biology and Immunotherapy has led to the development of new drugs which have significantly improved the survival of patients with melanoma.
