Cryosurgery in Dermatoses of Viral Etiology

Abstract

Introduction: Cryosurgery is the surgical method that allows the controlled destruction of tissues in a given area. It is applied at sub-zero temperatures to a lesion for local removal with subsequent detachment of the injured tissue. Most benign skin entities can be treated with different cryosurgery modalities, including those of viral etiology. In warts, the reaction depends on the size and degree of hyperkeratosis. Sometimes several sessions are necessary, with a success rate of 75%, with one or more freeze-thaw cycles.

Objective: To review the therapeutic effects of cryosurgery with liquid nitrogen in patients with dermatoses of viral etiology.

Methods: A review of the literature available in SciELO, WHO, PAHO, BVSCuba, PubMed Central, Medline, Clinicalkey and Medigraphic was conducted. The descriptors used were cryosurgery, dermatoses of viral etiology, warts and molluscum contagiosum. During the review process, 5 books and 21 articles were retrieved, with 80% updating in the last 5 years. Basic concepts related to clinical picture, diagnosis, therapeutics, techniques to be used, advantages and disadvantages of cryosurgery were reviewed.

Conclusions: The availability of the procedure, as well as the advantages of the use of cryosurgery with liquid nitrogen and its satisfactory results in dermatoses of viral etiology, are elements to be taken into account so that the dermatologist acquires the knowledge and skills that allow the use of this therapeutic modality.